2014年10月25日 星期六

你的文字會否不當地使人喘不過氣來?


細心閱讀以下的文字,有沒有難以明白的地方?

If you're trying to achieve, there will be roadblocks, I've had them, everybody has had them, but obstacles don't have to stop you, if you run into a wall, don't turn around and give up, figure out how to climb it, go through it, or work around it. 

圖片來源:http://www.gratisography.com/


大家有沒有在什麼地方停下來反覆思想?特別是在"but obstacles don't have to stop you, if you run into a wall, don't turn around and give up"那裏?

這段文字原來的標點符號並非這樣。

原來文字:

If you're trying to achieve, there will be roadblocks. I've had them; everybody has had them. But obstacles don't have to stop you. If you run into a wall, don't turn around and give up. Figure out how to climb it, go through it, or work around it. 
-Michael Jordan

改篇文字保留了原文的所有字詞,不同的是文字中間的停頓標點都換成逗號(comma)。現在,大家大聲讀出這兩段文字,能感受到不同嗎?

以逗號作為停頓符號,是不少英文學生(無論母語是什麼語言)常犯的毛病。這也是正常的,因為當你用心寫一個段落的時候,句子與句子間都有密切的關係。可是,在英語體系中,如"if"的句子,可連着前面一句,又可以接着下一句,不使用句號(full stop / period)會造成混亂。

簡單來說,英文非問句有三個重要的停頓符號--full stop / period(.)、semicolon(;/分號)和comma(,)。Full stop清楚表示大停頓,semicolon 比 full stop 停得短一點,comma停得再短一點。因此,若果你一直使用",",讀者就會以為你滔滔不斷、連綿不絕、片刻不停,弄得喘不過氣來啊!

停頓使用合宜,能使讀者與作者同步。以上述文字為例,"I've had them"已經清楚表明一個想法,"Everybody has had them"是另一個想法,但是它們中間以分號(;)分開,又把它們拉在一起一點點。標點符號很神奇吧!

日後,大家寫作的時候,不妨誦讀一下自己的文字,或者心中有口,感受自己文字的呼吸。這樣就更容易掌握停頓標點的用法了!

圖片來源:http://shareinspirequotes.blogspot.com

【專業一點】:這些令人喘不過氣的句子,在學術界稱為"comma splice",就是一直使用 "," (逗號 / comma),不讓人停下來。


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